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How is power in a clinical trial typically calculated?
Using effect size and variability
Using the number of subjects alone
Using the type of control group
Using the study design (Parallel or Crossover)
The correct answer is: Using effect size and variability
Power is typically calculated by using effect size and variability in a clinical trial. This is because the effect size measures the magnitude of the treatment effect and the variability measures the spread of the data. Using only the number of subjects may not accurately reflect the actual power of the study, as a small sample size may not be representative of the larger population. The type of control group or study design may also impact the power calculation, but these factors alone do not determine the overall power of the study. Therefore, option A is the most accurate and appropriate method for calculating power in a clinical trial.